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ASTM specifications such as ASTM a106 Grade C are defined by the American Society for Testing and Measurements (ASTM). It is different from an ASTM A105 specification. ASTM specifications are published to help develop a standard for a wide range of products, materials, systems, and services. 

 

ASTM a106 pipe is the normal specification for seamless carbon pipe that should be used when dealing with high-temperature service. These applications for high-temperature services include power plants, refineries, and boilers to only name a few. ASTM a106 comes in three steel grades which are stated as grades A, B, and C. The higher grade material that ASTM a106 receives, the strength of the pipe is better. The most common uses for a106 pipe is in plants or refineries when gases or fluids are transported at high temperatures and pressures. ASTM a106 is almost always produced by the seamless method and it can be bent, coiled, and flanged. In sizes less than 2” it is usually produced as a cold drawn product and in sizes above 2” it is usually produced as a hot finished product. Since a106 can be cold drawn or hot finished, the difference between the two is a matter of the temperatures at which the process is performed.  The hot finished product is usually produced at temperatures that range around 1700F while the cold drawn product is produced at must lower temperatures while it contains more processing to finish. With that being said, cold drawn products usually have an improved surface finish and better dimension control.
 

ASTM a106 Grade B

 

ASTM a106 grade B is a mild steel pipe material that is commonly used in industrial plants, power refineries, gas refineries, power plants, boilers, ships, and chemical plants. ASTM a106 grade b deals with piping that is used with high-temperature services.ASTM a106 grade B is very popular among clients because it is right in the middle of the two grades. It offers that strength to transport that high-temperature fluid and gases but it is not used for as heavy projects as grade C. It does not have as much strength as grade C but it still can be used for sturdy projects. Grade B has a carbon percentage that usually ranges around 0.30% which is higher than grade A but not as strong as grade C.

 

ASTM a106 Grade C

 

The maximum carbon content that is allowed is highest in grade C which will end up resulting in higher mechanical properties due to that increased carbon content. With having higher mechanical properties, an engineer will be more interested in grade C when he or she is considering selecting pipe or materials for higher temperature services.  Grade C has a carbon percentage that ranges around 0.35%. This shows why grade C is the strongest of the three and is used when dealing with the stronger projects. ASTM a106 Grade C is used in the toughest applications when transporting these gases and fluids from gas refineries, power plants, and on shipping vessels.